Introduction to topological quantum computation by J. Pachos
نویسنده
چکیده
Shor’s quantum factoring algorithm and the efficient simulation of quantum evolutions by quantum computers are compelling evidence that quantum physics will change the landscape of information science in the future. Despite great progress in the last two decades, the construction of a large scale quantum computer is still in its infancy, largely due to decoherence. A revolutionary idea that emerged during the late 1990s is to use topology to protect information, thus solving the problem of the fragility of the qubit. Topology is a pure mathematical subject that studies properties about spaces that are invariant under small deformations. By their very nature, topological properties are non-local, yet they can manifest themselves through local geometric properties of spaces such as curvature. A famous example of this phenomenon is the beautiful Gauss-Bonnet theorem that the Euler characteristic of an oriented surface Y with a Riemannian metric is the integral of the Gaussian curvatureK at each point: 1 2π ∫
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Quantum Information Processing
دوره 11 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012